Research and science are international; it is not for nothing that we speak of international specialist communities. Although a service such as arXiv is operated by an institution based in the USA, namely Cornell University, it is used by researchers worldwide. Part of arXiv‘s funding has also been internationalised since 2010 with the introduction of arXiv membership. The TIB finances the German contribution together with the Helmholtz Association of German Research Centres (HGF) and the Max Planck Society (MPG). The TIB has now set up a so-called dark archive for the arXiv content in order to make the backed-up data accessible in the event that the data located in the USA is lost.